Institute of Hydrobiology (IHB) is a national research institution specializing in freshwater life sciences, affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). It is located by the East Lake in Wuhan. With freshwater ecology, fishery biotechnology, and algal biology as its core research directions, the institute is committed to addressing major scientific issues such as water resource protection, water environment governance, and sustainable utilization of aquatic resources. The institute possesses top-level platforms such as the State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, and has achieved remarkable results in fields such as the ecological protection of the Yangtze River, lake governance, aquatic breeding, and the conservation of rare species, e.g., Yangtze river dolphin and Yangtze finless porpoise. It is playing an increasingly important role in freshwater research and ecological protection in China.